The historicity of the Kurukshetra War is unclear. Many historians estimate the date of the Kurukshetra war to Iron Age India of the 10th century BCE.The setting of the epic has a historical precedent in Iron Age (Vedic) India, where the Kuru kingdom was the center of political power during roughly 1200 to 800 BC.
A dynastic conflict of the period could have been the inspiration for the Jaya, the foundation on which the Mahabharata corpus was built, with a climactic battle eventually coming to be regarded as a historic event.
Puranic literature presents genealogical lists associated with the Mahabharata narrative. Evidence of the Puranas is of two kinds. The first case, there is the direct statement that there were 1015 (or 1050) years between the birth of Parikshit (Arjuna's son breakfast) and the accession of Mahapadma Nanda, commonly dated to 382 before AD, which would give an estimate of about 1400 BCE for the Bharata battle.
However, this would imply improbable long reigns on average for the kings listed in the genealogies of the second kind are analyzes of parallel genealogies in the Puranas between the times Adhisimakrishna (Parikshit great grand son) and Mahapadma Nanda. Pargiter accordingly estimated 26 generations by averaging 10 different dynastic lists and, assuming 18 years for the average duration of a reign, arrived at an estimate of 850 BCE for Adhisimakrishna, and thus approximately 950 BCE for the Bharata battle.
BB Lal used the same approach with a more conservative assumption of the average reign to estimate a date of 836 BCE, and correlated this with archaeological evidence from Painted Grey Ware sites, the association being strong between PGW artifacts and places mentioned in the epic.
Attempts to date the events using methods of archaeoastronomy have produced, depending on which passages are chosen and how they are interpreted, estimates ranging from the late 4th to the mid 2nd millennium BCE. The date of the end of the 4th millennium has a precedent in the calculation of the Kali Yuga era, based on planetary conjunctions, by Aryabhata (6th century). His date of February 18 3102 BCE has spread in the Indian tradition (for example, Aihole inscription of Pulikeshi II, dated to Saka 556 = 634 CE, claims that 3735 years have elapsed since the Bharata battle) Another school traditional astronomers and historians, represented by Vriddha-Garga, Varahamihira (author of the Brhatsamhita) and Kalhana (author of the Rajatarangini), place the Bharata war 653 years after the time of Kali Yuga, corresponding to 2449 before our era.
A dynastic conflict of the period could have been the inspiration for the Jaya, the foundation on which the Mahabharata corpus was built, with a climactic battle eventually coming to be regarded as a historic event.
Puranic literature presents genealogical lists associated with the Mahabharata narrative. Evidence of the Puranas is of two kinds. The first case, there is the direct statement that there were 1015 (or 1050) years between the birth of Parikshit (Arjuna's son breakfast) and the accession of Mahapadma Nanda, commonly dated to 382 before AD, which would give an estimate of about 1400 BCE for the Bharata battle.
However, this would imply improbable long reigns on average for the kings listed in the genealogies of the second kind are analyzes of parallel genealogies in the Puranas between the times Adhisimakrishna (Parikshit great grand son) and Mahapadma Nanda. Pargiter accordingly estimated 26 generations by averaging 10 different dynastic lists and, assuming 18 years for the average duration of a reign, arrived at an estimate of 850 BCE for Adhisimakrishna, and thus approximately 950 BCE for the Bharata battle.
BB Lal used the same approach with a more conservative assumption of the average reign to estimate a date of 836 BCE, and correlated this with archaeological evidence from Painted Grey Ware sites, the association being strong between PGW artifacts and places mentioned in the epic.
Attempts to date the events using methods of archaeoastronomy have produced, depending on which passages are chosen and how they are interpreted, estimates ranging from the late 4th to the mid 2nd millennium BCE. The date of the end of the 4th millennium has a precedent in the calculation of the Kali Yuga era, based on planetary conjunctions, by Aryabhata (6th century). His date of February 18 3102 BCE has spread in the Indian tradition (for example, Aihole inscription of Pulikeshi II, dated to Saka 556 = 634 CE, claims that 3735 years have elapsed since the Bharata battle) Another school traditional astronomers and historians, represented by Vriddha-Garga, Varahamihira (author of the Brhatsamhita) and Kalhana (author of the Rajatarangini), place the Bharata war 653 years after the time of Kali Yuga, corresponding to 2449 before our era.
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